Building a Scalable VoD Infrastructure Platform on AWS

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Tabii.com is a prominent online streaming service provider platform developed by kloia for TRT (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation). Tabii.com wanted to enhance its video-on-demand infrastructure to meet the growing demand for video content. The project sought to develop a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective solution that could efficiently handle video ingestion, encoding, storage, and content delivery to end users.

This case study explores the implementation of a scalable and robust video-on-demand (VOD) infrastructure platform, showcasing the challenges faced, the architectural decisions made, and the utilization of various AWS services to achieve an efficient and reliable VOD platform. The case study aims to provide insights into the planning, design, and implementation phases, emphasizing the key considerations and best practices when building a VOD infrastructure on AWS.

Challenges Faced during Tabii.com's platform development process

Scaling and Performance

One of the significant challenges was to ensure that the VOD platform could handle a massive volume of video content and concurrent user requests without compromising performance. Tabii.com required a solution that could dynamically scale based on demand to accommodate peak traffic without service degradation. This involved careful resource planning and utilization of scalable AWS services and AWS Karpenter.

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Availability and Reliability

Another challenge was to ensure high availability and reliability for uninterrupted video streaming. Tabii.com needed a solution that could handle active-active and active-passive architectures to minimize downtime and guarantee a reliable user experience across different devices and locations. This necessitated the implementation of fault-tolerant architectures, redundancy mechanisms, and appropriate AWS services.

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Latency Sensitivity

Tabii.com aimed to deliver video content to a global audience with low latency and high-quality streaming. The challenge was to implement a content delivery network (CDN) that would optimize content delivery based on the user's location while maintaining consistent performance. This required the integration of AWS CloudFront with AWS Global Accelerator and other CDN technologies.

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Security and Access Control

Protecting copyrighted content and ensuring secure access was paramount for Tabii.com. Robust security measures were necessary to prevent unauthorized access, content piracy, and data breaches throughout the VOD infrastructure. AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), encryption, and other security features played a vital role in addressing these challenges.

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Cost Optimization

Achieving cost efficiency while scaling the VOD platform was a significant challenge. Tabii.com sought a solution that could optimize costs by leveraging appropriate AWS services, autoscaling capabilities, and efficient resource utilization. This involved careful monitoring, cost analysis, and the implementation of cost optimization techniques.




 
Client: Tabii
Project type: AWS MAP

Solution: Architectural Design and Planning 

System Requirements and Goals

During the planning phase, kloia collaborated with the Tabii.com team to identify the system requirements and goals for the VOD infrastructure. These requirements included high availability, scalability, performance, security, and cost optimization. Detailed analysis of the target audience, content types, and expected traffic patterns was conducted to inform the architectural design.

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AWS Services Selection

Based on the identified requirements, various AWS services were selected to fulfill the architectural needs of the VOD platform: the decision-making process involved evaluating the capabilities, integration options, and cost-effectiveness of different services. For example, Amazon S3 was chosen for scalable and durable content storage.

Architecture Diagram

A comprehensive architecture diagram was created to visualize the components and interactions between different AWS services in the VOD infrastructure. The diagram illustrated how Tabii.com leveraged AWS services such as Amazon S3, Amazon CloudFront, AWS Lambda, AWS EKS, and others to build an efficient and scalable platform. The diagram also depicted the flow from ingestion to delivery, along with the integration of security and access control mechanisms.

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Implementation of VOD Infrastructure Platform

Content Ingestion and Storage:

The process of ingesting and storing video content efficiently was a critical component of the VOD infrastructure. Tabii.com leveraged Amazon S3, a scalable object storage service, for durable and cost-effective content storage. 

Metadata Management

Effective metadata management was crucial for organizing and categorizing video content. Tabii.com utilized Amazon DynamoDB, a highly scalable NoSQL database service, and MongoDB Atlas, to store and retrieve metadata associated with each video. AWS Lambda functions were employed to process and update metadata dynamically, ensuring accurate content information for search and recommendation purposes.

Content Delivery and Global Reach

To deliver video content globally with low latency, Tabii.com integrated Amazon CloudFront, a content delivery network (CDN) service, into their VOD infrastructure. CloudFront accelerated content delivery by caching video assets at edge locations strategically positioned worldwide. This resulted in improved performance and reduced bandwidth costs while ensuring a consistent user experience across different geographical regions.

User Management and Access Control:

User management and access control mechanisms were implemented to ensure secure content delivery. Tabii.com utilized AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to define granular permissions and manage user access to various resources within the VOD platform. IAM policies were used to control access to content files, metadata, and other backend services, protecting copyrighted content from unauthorized access.

Analytics and Reporting

Understanding user behavior and collecting actionable insights were vital for Tabii.com's business growth. The VOD platform was integrated with Amazon CloudWatch and other analytics tools to monitor system performance, totrack user engagement, and to generate reports on content popularity, viewer demographics, and streaming quality. This data-driven approach empowered Tabii.com to make informed decisions, improve content offerings, and optimize the user experience.

Cost Optimization Techniques

To achieve cost efficiency, Tabii.com implemented several cost optimization techniques within the VOD infrastructure. Autoscaling capabilities were leveraged to adjust resource capacity based on demand dynamically, ensuring optimal resource utilization and cost savings. Additionally, monitoring tools like AWS Cost Explorer and AWS Trusted Advisor were utilized to track and analyze resource usage, identify cost-saving opportunities, and make informed decisions regarding service selection and resource allocation.

Deployment

Deployment Considerations

Deploying a scalable and reliable VOD infrastructure required careful planning. Tabii.com employed blue/green deployment strategies, allowing seamless transitions between different platform versions. Infrastructure as code (IaC) technologies, using tools like terraform, terragrunt, or crossplane, were employed to automate the provisioning and configuration of resources. Continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) practices were adopted to streamline the deployment process and ensure rapid and reliable software releases.

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Load Testing and Performance Optimization

Load testing was performed to evaluate the VOD platform's performance under high-traffic conditions. Realistic user scenarios were simulated to identify performance bottlenecks, optimize resource allocation, and fine-tune configurations. Techniques such as caching, and content preloading were implemented to enhance the platform's responsiveness and reduce latency.

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Results

The collaborative effort between the Tabii.com team and kloia in building the scalable and robust VOD infrastructure platform based on AWS services has achieved remarkable results. By leveraging the expertise of kloia as a platform development consultancy and the flexibility of AWS services, Tabii.com has successfully overcome the challenges it faced in delivering high-quality video content to its global audience.

The implementation of the VOD infrastructure platform has provided Tabii.com with a solid foundation for growth and expansion. The architecture, carefully designed by kloia, ensures high availability, scalability, and performance, enabling Tabii.com to handle the increasing volume of video content and user requests seamlessly. The integration of AWS services such as Amazon S3 for content storage, and Amazon CloudFront for content delivery has resulted in an optimized streaming experience for users across different geographical regions.

Additionally, the implementation of robust security measures, managed by kloia in collaboration with Tabii.com, ensures the protection of copyrighted content and enables secure user access to the platform. By utilizing AWS IAM, Tabii.com can enforce granular permissions and access control, mitigating the risk of unauthorized access and content piracy.

The incorporation of analytics and reporting capabilities within the VOD infrastructure platform empowers Tabii.com to gain valuable insights into user behavior and content performance. By integrating tools like Amazon CloudWatch, Tabii.com can monitor system performance, track user engagement, and make data-driven decisions to improve content offerings and optimize the user experience.

Looking ahead, Tabii.com and kloia recognize the potential for further enhancements to the VOD platform. Personalization features, powered by machine learning algorithms, can be integrated to provide tailored recommendations to users, enhancing their engagement and satisfaction. Exploring serverless architectures further can offer improved scalability and cost efficiency. Leveraging advanced analytics capabilities can provide more comprehensive insights into user behavior, enabling Tabii.com to refine its content strategy and better understand viewer preferences.

Through the continued collaboration with kloia, Tabii.com will be able to identify new opportunities for innovation and growth in the ever-evolving landscape of video-on-demand services. By staying at the forefront of technology trends and leveraging the extensive suite of AWS services, Tabii.com will continue to deliver an exceptional video streaming experience to its global customer base.

In conclusion, the successful partnership between Tabii.com and kloia in building the VOD infrastructure platform showcases the power of combining domain expertise with advanced cloud technologies. The collaboration has resulted in a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective solution that positions Tabii.com for success in the highly competitive streaming industry. By leveraging AWS services and the guidance of kloia, Tabii.com has transformed into a leading online video content provider, delivering high-quality experiences to millions of viewers worldwide.

 

Ahmet Aydın - Senior DevOps Consultant

 

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